COMP <GO>

ROP vs CAT // FREE CASH FLOW YIELD

Roper Technologies Inc. (NASDAQ) VS. Caterpillar Inc. (NYSE) • 15-METRIC TALLY: ROP 9 — CAT 6

▲ FREE CASH FLOW YIELD LEADER: ROP

LAST: $466.60 (+3.77%) • MKT CAP: $44.47B

fcf-yield

4.91%

LAST: $622.75 (-3.81%) • MKT CAP: $286.26B

fcf-yield

3.74%

15-METRIC INSTITUTIONAL SIDE-BY-SIDE SCORECARD (ROP VS. CAT) EMERALD CELL = QUANTITATIVE EDGE

INSTITUTIONAL METRIC	ROP	CAT	SPREAD (A - B)	ADVANTAGE	DEDICATED URL
Gross Profit Margin	69.20%	82.20%	-13.00	CAT	/gross-margins <GO>
Return on Invested Capital (ROIC)	6.30%	21.15%	-14.85	CAT	/roic <GO>
EV/EBITDA & P/E Valuation	20.8x	20.9x	-0.06	ROP	/valuation <GO>
Free Cash Flow Yield ACTIVE	4.91%	3.74%	+1.17	ROP	/fcf-yield <GO>
Operating Margin	28.30%	17.52%	+10.78	ROP	/operating-margins <GO>
Net Profit Margin	19.40%	14.51%	+4.89	ROP	/net-margins <GO>
Revenue Growth (YoY)	12.30%	18.36%	-6.06	CAT	/revenue-growth <GO>
Dividend Yield & FCF Payout Safety	0.80%	1.05%	-0.25	CAT	/dividend-safety <GO>
Altman Z-Score & Debt/Equity	2.89	4.34	-1.45	CAT	/balance-sheet <GO>
Piotroski F-Score Quality	7/9	5/9	+2.00	ROP	/piotroski-score <GO>
Options Implied Move & Put/Call Skew	7.10%	8.46%	-1.36	ROP	/options-implied-move <GO>
RSI-14 & 200D SMA Momentum	82.2	23.6	+58.61	ROP	/rsi-technicals <GO>
10Y Yield & FRED Macro Beta	1.05	1.02	+0.03	ROP	/macro-sensitivity <GO>
Forward P/E Multiple	24.4x	26.0x	-1.56	ROP	/forward-pe <GO>
Enterprise Scale & Market Cap	$44.47B	$286.26B	-$241.79B	CAT	/market-cap <GO>

5-YEAR HISTORICAL XBRL REVENUE & MARGIN TRAJECTORY SEC FORM 10-K FY

FISCAL YEAR	ROP REV	CAT REV	ROP GROSS %	CAT GROSS %	ROP FCF	CAT FCF
FY 2025	$7.90B	$67.59B	69.2%	99.9%	$2.18B	$8.92B
FY 2024	$7.04B	$64.81B	69.3%	100.0%	$2.08B	$10.05B
FY 2023	$6.18B	$67.06B	44.0%	99.8%	$1.76B	$11.29B
FY 2022	—	$59.43B	—	99.3%	—	$6.47B
FY 2021	—	$50.97B	—	30.3%	—	$6.11B

FRED MACRO REGIME CORRELATION COMPARISON PEARSON r

ROP // BETA 1.05

CAT // BETA 1.02