COMP <GO>

NPO vs CAT // ALTMAN Z-SCORE & DEBT/EQUITY

Enpro Inc. (NYSE) VS. Caterpillar Inc. (NYSE) • 15-METRIC TALLY: NPO 4 — CAT 11

▲ ALTMAN Z-SCORE & DEBT/EQUITY LEADER: NPO

LAST: $271.53 (-4.54%) • MKT CAP: $6.02B

balance-sheet

4.60

LAST: $622.75 (-3.81%) • MKT CAP: $286.26B

balance-sheet

4.34

15-METRIC INSTITUTIONAL SIDE-BY-SIDE SCORECARD (NPO VS. CAT) EMERALD CELL = QUANTITATIVE EDGE

INSTITUTIONAL METRIC	NPO	CAT	SPREAD (A - B)	ADVANTAGE	DEDICATED URL
Gross Profit Margin	42.60%	82.20%	-39.60	CAT	/gross-margins <GO>
Return on Invested Capital (ROIC)	6.10%	21.15%	-15.05	CAT	/roic <GO>
EV/EBITDA & P/E Valuation	33.3x	20.9x	+12.44	CAT	/valuation <GO>
Free Cash Flow Yield	0.07%	3.74%	-3.67	CAT	/fcf-yield <GO>
Operating Margin	14.10%	17.52%	-3.42	CAT	/operating-margins <GO>
Net Profit Margin	3.50%	14.51%	-11.01	CAT	/net-margins <GO>
Revenue Growth (YoY)	9.00%	18.36%	-9.36	CAT	/revenue-growth <GO>
Dividend Yield & FCF Payout Safety	0.44%	1.05%	-0.61	CAT	/dividend-safety <GO>
Altman Z-Score & Debt/Equity ACTIVE	4.60	4.34	+0.26	NPO	/balance-sheet <GO>
Piotroski F-Score Quality	8/9	5/9	+3.00	NPO	/piotroski-score <GO>
Options Implied Move & Put/Call Skew	6.50%	8.46%	-1.96	NPO	/options-implied-move <GO>
RSI-14 & 200D SMA Momentum	37.8	23.6	+14.21	NPO	/rsi-technicals <GO>
10Y Yield & FRED Macro Beta	0.87	1.02	-0.15	CAT	/macro-sensitivity <GO>
Forward P/E Multiple	138.3x	26.0x	+112.34	CAT	/forward-pe <GO>
Enterprise Scale & Market Cap	$6.02B	$286.26B	-$280.24B	CAT	/market-cap <GO>

5-YEAR HISTORICAL XBRL REVENUE & MARGIN TRAJECTORY SEC FORM 10-K FY

FISCAL YEAR	NPO REV	CAT REV	NPO GROSS %	CAT GROSS %	NPO FCF	CAT FCF
FY 2025	$1.14B	$67.59B	42.6%	99.9%	$3.4M	$8.92B
FY 2024	$1.05B	$64.81B	42.4%	100.0%	$52.5M	$10.05B
FY 2023	$1.06B	$67.06B	44.0%	99.8%	-$22.8M	$11.29B
FY 2022	—	$59.43B	—	99.3%	—	$6.47B
FY 2021	—	$50.97B	—	30.3%	—	$6.11B

FRED MACRO REGIME CORRELATION COMPARISON PEARSON r

NPO // BETA 0.87

CAT // BETA 1.02