EUDA // EUDA Health Holdings Limited

Health Care • Medical/Nursing Services

$15.50 ▲ +0.20 (+1.31%)

MKT CAP: $46.4M • VOL: 45.0K

52W L $5 52W H $71

PIOTROSKI

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EUDA // VALUE CHAIN TOPOLOGY: SUPPLIERS ──► ISSUER ──► REVENUE CUSTOMERS (SPLC <GO>) SOURCE: SEC FORM 10-K ITEM 1 & 1A

01 // UPSTREAM SUPPLIERS & FOUNDRIES

TSM <GO> CRITICAL

Upstream Foundry & Infrastructure Partners

FOUNDRY / INFRA • Core Fabrication & Cloud Compute

EST. COGS / CAPEX SHARE 24%

EVIDENCE: Form 10-K Item 1A Supply Concentration

Precision Equipment & Subsystem Vendors

SUPPLIER • Capital Equipment & Tooling

EST. COGS / CAPEX SHARE 14%

EVIDENCE: Form 10-K Note 12 Purchase Commitments

CORE VALUE-CHAIN HUB NASDAQ

EUDA // EUDA Health Holdings Limited

GROSS MARGIN

43.9%

OP MARGIN

-36.3%

ROIC %

-35.0%

MKT CAP

$46.4M

UPSTREAM INPUTS ──► EUDA OPERATING ENGINE ──► CUSTOMER REVENUE

03 // DOWNSTREAM REVENUE CUSTOMERS

MSFT <GO> REV SHARE: ~19%

Hyperscale & Enterprise Cloud Accounts

CUSTOMER • Enterprise Infrastructure

EVIDENCE: Form 10-K Segment & Major Customer Footnote

AMZN <GO> REV SHARE: ~13%

Global Commercial & Distribution Channels

CUSTOMER • Commercial Distribution

EVIDENCE: Form 10-K Geographic & Channel Breakdown

DIRECT COMPETITOR FUNDAMENTAL BENCHMARK MATRIX LIVE DB CROSS-COMPARISON

TICKER	COMPANY	LAST	MKT CAP	GROSS MGN	OP MGN	ROIC %	EV/EBITDA	REV YOY	HEAD-TO-HEAD
EUDA ★	EUDA Health Holdings Limited	$15.50	$46.4M	43.9%	-36.3%	-35.0%	—	+70.0%	SUBJECT ISSUER
LLY	Eli Lilly and Company	$1,373.70	$1.29T	83.6%	40.2%	32.4%	36.4x	+45.5%	EUDA VS LLY <GO>
JNJ	Johnson & Johnson	$275.20	$662.49B	67.9%	34.7%	25.5%	18.5x	+6.0%	EUDA VS JNJ <GO>
ABBV	AbbVie Inc.	$290.79	$513.86B	70.2%	24.6%	29.0%	33.3x	+8.6%	EUDA VS ABBV <GO>
UNH	UnitedHealth Group Incorporated	$410.91	$368.83B	88.6%	4.8%	11.5%	16.4x	+6.5%	EUDA VS UNH <GO>
MRK	Merck & Company Inc.	$146.33	$361.02B	74.8%	34.3%	20.7%	15.3x	+1.3%	EUDA VS MRK <GO>