COMP <GO>

L vs V // ALTMAN Z-SCORE & DEBT/EQUITY

Loews Corporation (NYSE) VS. Visa Inc. (NYSE) • 15-METRIC TALLY: L 5 — V 7

■ METRIC PARITY

LAST: $111.34 (+0.02%) • MKT CAP: $22.76B

balance-sheet

—

LAST: $425.51 (+2.88%) • MKT CAP: $738.98B

balance-sheet

9.09

15-METRIC INSTITUTIONAL SIDE-BY-SIDE SCORECARD (L VS. V) EMERALD CELL = QUANTITATIVE EDGE

INSTITUTIONAL METRIC	L	V	SPREAD (A - B)	ADVANTAGE	DEDICATED URL
Gross Profit Margin	—	—	—	TIE	/gross-margins <GO>
Return on Invested Capital (ROIC)	4.40%	32.30%	-27.90	V	/roic <GO>
EV/EBITDA & P/E Valuation	16.0x	28.9x	-12.90	L	/valuation <GO>
Free Cash Flow Yield	11.83%	2.90%	+8.93	L	/fcf-yield <GO>
Operating Margin	64.10%	60.00%	+4.10	L	/operating-margins <GO>
Net Profit Margin	52.50%	50.10%	+2.40	L	/net-margins <GO>
Revenue Growth (YoY)	9.70%	11.30%	-1.60	V	/revenue-growth <GO>
Dividend Yield & FCF Payout Safety	0.23%	0.63%	-0.40	V	/dividend-safety <GO>
Altman Z-Score & Debt/Equity ACTIVE	—	9.09	—	TIE	/balance-sheet <GO>
Piotroski F-Score Quality	8/9	9/9	-1.00	V	/piotroski-score <GO>
Options Implied Move & Put/Call Skew	—	—	—	TIE	/options-implied-move <GO>
RSI-14 & 200D SMA Momentum	56.5	67.7	-11.20	V	/rsi-technicals <GO>
10Y Yield & FRED Macro Beta	0.96	1.06	-0.10	V	/macro-sensitivity <GO>
Forward P/E Multiple	12.7x	34.0x	-21.30	L	/forward-pe <GO>
Enterprise Scale & Market Cap	$22.76B	$738.98B	-$716.23B	V	/market-cap <GO>

5-YEAR HISTORICAL XBRL REVENUE & MARGIN TRAJECTORY SEC FORM 10-K FY

FISCAL YEAR	L REV	V REV	L GROSS %	V GROSS %	L FCF	V FCF
FY 2025	$3.17B	$40.00B	—	—	$2.70B	$21.26B
FY 2024	$2.89B	$35.93B	—	—	$2.39B	$18.33B
FY 2023	$2.36B	$32.65B	—	—	$3.80B	$19.29B

FRED MACRO REGIME CORRELATION COMPARISON PEARSON r

L // BETA 0.96

V // BETA 1.06