COMP <GO>

CNEY vs RIO // RETURN ON INVESTED CAPITAL (ROIC)

CN Energy Group Inc. (Class A) (NASDAQ) VS. Rio Tinto Plc (NYSE) • 15-METRIC TALLY: CNEY 1 — RIO 5

■ METRIC PARITY

LAST: $0.48 (+0.50%) • MKT CAP: $2.7M

roic

—

LAST: $83.25 (-3.12%) • MKT CAP: $104.57B

roic

9.90%

15-METRIC INSTITUTIONAL SIDE-BY-SIDE SCORECARD (CNEY VS. RIO) EMERALD CELL = QUANTITATIVE EDGE

INSTITUTIONAL METRIC	CNEY	RIO	SPREAD (A - B)	ADVANTAGE	DEDICATED URL
Gross Profit Margin	1.80%	—	—	TIE	/gross-margins <GO>
Return on Invested Capital (ROIC) ACTIVE	—	9.90%	—	TIE	/roic <GO>
EV/EBITDA & P/E Valuation	—	21.0x	—	TIE	/valuation <GO>
Free Cash Flow Yield	—	2.21%	—	TIE	/fcf-yield <GO>
Operating Margin	-30.90%	13.90%	-44.80	RIO	/operating-margins <GO>
Net Profit Margin	-31.30%	10.90%	-42.20	RIO	/net-margins <GO>
Revenue Growth (YoY)	-30.20%	1.10%	-31.30	RIO	/revenue-growth <GO>
Dividend Yield & FCF Payout Safety	0.00%	0.00%	0.00	TIE	/dividend-safety <GO>
Altman Z-Score & Debt/Equity	—	3.74	—	TIE	/balance-sheet <GO>
Piotroski F-Score Quality	2/9	7/9	-5.00	RIO	/piotroski-score <GO>
Options Implied Move & Put/Call Skew	—	—	—	TIE	/options-implied-move <GO>
RSI-14 & 200D SMA Momentum	43.5	31.2	+12.28	CNEY	/rsi-technicals <GO>
10Y Yield & FRED Macro Beta	—	1.02	—	TIE	/macro-sensitivity <GO>
Forward P/E Multiple	—	30.5x	—	TIE	/forward-pe <GO>
Enterprise Scale & Market Cap	$2.7M	$104.57B	-$104.56B	RIO	/market-cap <GO>

5-YEAR HISTORICAL XBRL REVENUE & MARGIN TRAJECTORY SEC FORM 10-K FY

FISCAL YEAR	CNEY REV	RIO REV	CNEY GROSS %	RIO GROSS %	CNEY FCF	RIO FCF
FY 2025	$35.6M	—	1.8%	—	-$2.0M	—
FY 2024	$51.0M	—	-0.4%	—	-$2.4M	—
FY 2023	$57.9M	—	—	—	-$30.2M	—

FRED MACRO REGIME CORRELATION COMPARISON PEARSON r

CNEY // BETA —

RIO // BETA 1.02